ABSTRACT
Background: Anaemia is the commonest medical disorder in pregnancy and has a varied prevalence, etiology and degree of severity in different populations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of maternal anaemia in pregnancy and its impact on perinatal outcome.Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted in department of obstetrics and gynecology JLN Hospital Ajmer, Rajasthan, India from October 2015 to December 2016. Total 325 pregnant women were included in the study who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and found to have moderate to severe anaemia.Results: Prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy was 80% in present study. Perinatal mortality was 13.3% in moderate anaemia and in severe anaemia 42%. In present study maximum 56% of cases were in the age group of 20-25 years, and maximum number of cases were primigravida (33.84%). Out of 225 cases of moderate anaemia only 50 cases (22.22%) had antenatal check-up once or twice. Out of 225 cases of moderate anaemia, 66.66% cases were rural and 33.33% cases were of urban group. Fetal outcome in present study was in form of 49.23% premature birth with 33.12% perinatal mortality.Conclusions: Maternal anaemia in pregnancy is associated with illiteracy, low socioeconomic status, multiparity, inadequate antenatal care and rural geographic area. Severe anaemia was associated with high perinatal mortality.
ABSTRACT
Background: In pregnancy amniotic fluid surrounds the foetus and plays an important role in the development of fetus. From the very beginning of the formation of the extracoelomic cavity amniotic fluid can be detected. To evaluate the predictive value of amniotic fluid index (AFI) (<5) for adverse perinatal outcome in terms of cesarean section for fetal distress, birth weight, meconium staining, Apgar scores, and NICU admission at birth.Methods: This was a prospective study of 100 antenatal women visited RMC, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India during the year 2018 with gestational age >34 weeks. The women’s history, clinical examination recorded, and AFI were measured and the perinatal outcome was compared between two groups, i.e., AFI <5 and >5.Results: The cesarean section rate for fetal distress, low birth weight babies, <2.5 kg and meconium staining was higher in patients with oligohydramnios (p=0.012, 0.001, 0.00015 respectively). There was no significant difference in Apgar score at 5 min <7 (p=0.087) and NICU at birth between the two groups.Conclusions: Oligohydramnios has a significant correlation with cesarean section for fetal distress, low birth weight babies and NICU admission.
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Background: PPH is responsible for 25% of all maternal deaths. In India, PPH incidence in India is 2%-4% following vaginal delivery and 6% following cesarean section. PPH as the important cause of 19.9% of maternal mortality in India. The objectives of the study were to study the incidence, risk factors, cause, morbidity and mortality pattern and management of PPH.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted among 102 pregnant women selected by convenient sampling and admitted in labour room during the study period who will be deliver by vaginally or by caesarean section. The patient having PPH were divided into two groups: Group I: Patients having primary atonic PPH, Group II: Patients having traumatic PPH.Results: Mean age of participants was 33.6 and 32.9 years, 59.3 and 51.2 have ‘0’ parity, mean BMI 22.8 and 23.9 kg/m2, 34.6% and 17.1 babies were delivered by LSCS, 11.7% and 12.2% have history of PPH in the group of atonic and traumatic respectively. In the group of atonic PPH cases, 77.2%, 15.4%, 4.3% and 3.1% cases managed by the method of ‘Uterotonics +<2 blood transfusions’, ‘Uterotonics + >2blood transfusions’, ‘Perineal Tear Repair’ and ‘Surgical Intervention’ respectively. All the traumatic PPH cases (100.0%) were managed by ‘surgical intervention’.Conclusions: A multi-disciplinary approach include medical, mechanical, surgical and radiological is required in severe haemorrhage. Availability of blood and blood products is very crucial. Prediction and assessment of blood loss and timely identification of uterine atony are remaining the cornerstone for prompt and effective management of PPH.
ABSTRACT
Background: The genital tract tuberculosis is one of the most common causes of tubal factor infertility. This study was conducted to compare the results of different diagnostic methods used in screening for female genital tuberculosis in suspected cases attending Gynecology OPD at RMC, Ajmer.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in department of obstetrics and gynecology, J. L. N. Medical College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, for studying incidence of genital tuberculosis by various diagnostic methods (viz. AFB smear examination, AFB Lowenstein Jensen culture method, TB-PCR and CBNAAT).Results: Prevalence of genital TB was 5.5% in study population of 200 selected women meting the inclusion criteria. 72% women were in between 20-30 years age group. Oligomenorrhoea (24%) was found to be significant symptom with P value of <0.05. TBPCR and CBNAAT were found to be statistically significant with P value of <0.001 for diagnosing FGTTB.Conclusions: We concluded that genital tuberculosis is paucibacillary disease, TBPCR and CBNAAT appears to be rapid and sensitive diagnostic modality.